Isolating quantum coherence with pathway-selective coherent multi-dimensional spectroscopy

Coherent coupling between spatially separated systems has long been explored as a necessary requirement for quantum information and cryptography. Recent discoveries suggest such phenomena appear in a much wider range of processes, including light-harvesting in photosynthesis. These discoveries have been facilitated by developments in coherent multi-dimensional spectroscopy (CMDS) that allow interactions between different electronic states to be identified in crowded spectra. For complex systems, however, spectral broadening and multiple overlapping peaks limit the ability to separate, identify and properly analyse all contributions. Here we demonstrate how pathway-selective CMDS can overcome these limitations to reveal, isolate and allow detailed analysis of weak coherent coupling between spatially separated excitons localised to different semiconductor quantum wells. Selective excitation of the coherence pathways, by spectrally shaping the laser pulses, provides access to previously hidden details and enables quantitative analysis that can facilitate precise and detailed understanding of interactions in this and other complex systems

‘We were just a group of guys who liked to have a good time together’: Former fraternity members looking back on fraternity life

The impact on fraternity membership on young men’s friendships is explored through in-depth interviews of 23 former fraternity members. Men’s friendships are explored in relation to the dyadic and structural components of fraternity membership. Former members negotiate their fraternity identity after graduation both socially and individually. Men offer accounts of how fraternity life impacted their adult friendships, their masculine identity, their consumption of alcohol, and their adult lives. Two processes, fraternal maintenance and fraternal divorce, are used to structure the renegotiation of fraternity identity in men’s post-graduate lives

Sexual Selection and Humor in Courtship: A Case for Warmth and Extraversion

This investigation examines a sexual selection-based argument regarding humor’s role in courtship (i.e., humor production signals intelligence/creativity). Lens model (n =100) analyses suggest that humor production on Facebook profiles were self-reported and perceived to be associated with extroversion, not intelligence. Study 2 (n = 289) found that extroversion was associated humor production, but high school and college grade point average and American College Test (ACT) scores were not. In Study 3, pairs of opposite-sex strangers (n = 102) interacted for 10–12 min. Males’ humor production and females’ responsive laughter were both associated with females’ dating interest. Both partners’ dating interest was associated with simultaneous laughter. Without support for the sexual selection argument, three alternative explanations of humor’s role in courtship are discussed

A Recommended Approach to Bail in International Extradition Cases

This Note proposes such a consistent approach, arguing that courts in international extradition cases should focus on the accused\u27s risk of flight rather than on the presence or absence of specific special circumstances. Part I briefly discusses the international extradition process and outlines the important societal and individual interests at stake in the bail decision. Part II discusses the origin and evolution of the judicial approaches to bail in international extradition cases and demonstrates the inconsistency in the lower courts\u27 treatment. Part III suggests an approach for making bail decisions in international extradition cases. It argues that the determinative factor in the bail decision should be the accused\u27s risk of flight, not the presence of specific special circumstances. Part III also shows that the burden of proof in the bail decision is properly on the accused, and it argues that the standard for bail should be more stringent after the accused has been determined extraditable

Humor production in long-term romantic relationships: What the lack of moderation by sex reveals about humor’s role in mating

This manuscript explores whether the associations between partner humor production and relationship satisfaction and humor’s importance in romantic relationships are moderated by sex. Study 1 reports a meta-analysis (k = 10; N = 2,167) of the association between partner humor production (i.e., perceived; partner effects) and relationship satisfaction, and whether associations were moderated by participant sex. Contrary to predictions, partner humor production was more strongly associated to men’s relationship satisfaction than women’s satisfaction. Study 2 surveyed pairs of romantic partners (N = 246) regarding their production of humor, their appreciation of partner humor, and the importance of humor in their relationship. Results indicated no moderations by sex in the association between partner humor production and humor’s importance in the relationship

The Regulation of Social Interaction in Everyday Life: A Replication and Extension of O’Connor and Rosenblood (1996)

The present investigation replicates O’Connor and Rosenblood’s (1996) experience sampling study of the homeostatic regulation of social interaction, and addresses the statistical limitations of the original study. Using community (N = 62) and student (N = 54) samples, multilevel model results indicated that desire to be alone reduces future likelihood of social interaction (n = 2,747), which replicates the original study’s findings. Results suggest that social interaction is regulated within each day; yesterday’s desire for contact is unassociated with today’s interaction frequency. Individuals’ optimal social interaction state changed from no-contact desired to contact desired over the day, but results did not support the original study’s claim regarding social satiation. Future directions for the study of social interaction regulation are discussed

Friendship Standards: The Dimensions of Ideal Expectations

This multi-study investigation identified and confirmed the factor structure of ideal friendship standards. Study 1 (N = 307) conducted an exploratory factor analysis on 30 existing subscales of friendship expectations. Study 2 (N = 401) reduced 181 items from past subscales and single-item measures of friendship expectations to 51 items measuring six factors. Study 3 (N = 668) used an international internet sample to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis on the six factor model. Samples from Study 2 and 3 were combined and factorial invariance was demonstrated by sample, by participant sex, and by age. The six factors of expectations (i.e., symmetrical reciprocity, agency, enjoyment, instrumental aid, similarity, and communion) constitute the ideal standards of friendship

Parents’ networks: Egocentric networks and unique and shared sources of social support

This is the published version.Egocentric social network instruments typically require independently sampled respondents to identify up to five social network alters. When collecting egocentric data from dyads (e.g., mothers and fathers), shared and unique network alters can be identified. The present manuscript describes a new way of using egocentric data collected from related pairs using Multilevel Modeling (MLM). As a case study, the egocentric social support networks of twenty pairs of parents of children with cancer (N = 40) will be analyzed to illustrate how this technique can be used to model the characteristics of each network alter and to answer research questions regarding sex differences in received social support networks

When is social media use social interaction? Defining mediated social interaction

This investigation explores the question, when is social media use social interaction? The results of three studies indicated that social media use was rarely considered social interaction. After using social media for 5 or 10 minutes, Study 1 (N = 116) demonstrated that infrequent, directed social media behavior (e.g. chatting, commenting) predicted having a social interaction and feeling related. Study 2 (N = 197) used event sampling to examine participants’ social interactions with friends (n = 2388) and found 96.5% of social interactions did not take place on social media. Study 3 (N = 54) used experience sampling to record participants’ experiences over 5 days (n = 1332). Social media use and social interaction occasionally co-occurred, but only 2% of social interactions took place through social media. Social interactions through social media were usually talk-focused, one-on-one exchanges with closer relational partners, and rarely undifferentiated, broadcasted, or passively consumed information shared with acquaintances.A portion of this research was supported by University of Kansas intramural funding GRF#2301064